Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
Updated:Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) refers to a combination of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms that many women experience in the days leading up to their menstrual period. These symptoms typically begin 5-11 days before menstruation and usually subside once menstruation starts. PMS can affect women of any age who menstruate, but it's most common in women in their late 20s to early 40s.
Additional Information
The exact cause of PMS is not fully understood, but it's believed to be related to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle. Symptoms can vary widely between individuals and may include:
- Physical symptoms: Bloating, breast tenderness, headaches, fatigue
- Emotional symptoms: Mood swings, irritability, anxiety, depression
- Behavioral symptoms: Food cravings, changes in sleep patterns, difficulty concentrating
The severity of PMS can range from mild discomfort to symptoms that significantly interfere with daily life. For some women, these symptoms are severe enough to be classified as Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), a more intense form of PMS.
Treatment options for PMS include lifestyle changes (such as regular exercise and stress management), dietary adjustments, and in some cases, medication. It's important for women experiencing severe PMS symptoms to consult with a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Examples
Sarah notices she feels more irritable and craves chocolate in the week before her period starts, which are common PMS symptoms.