Estrogen
Updated:Estrogen is a group of sex hormones that play a key role in the development and regulation of the female reproductive system. While estrogen is present in all humans to some degree, it is usually found in significantly higher levels in females, especially during reproductive years. The main forms of estrogen in the female body are estradiol, estriol, and estrone.
Additional Information
Estrogen is responsible for the development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics, such as breasts and wider hips. It also regulates the menstrual cycle, promotes the growth of the uterine lining, and prepares the body for pregnancy. In addition to its role in reproduction, estrogen has important functions in bone health, cognitive function, and cardiovascular health for both females and males.
During menopause, estrogen levels naturally decline, which can lead to symptoms like hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and mood changes. Some menopausal individuals may choose hormone replacement therapy to alleviate these symptoms.
Examples
Rising estrogen levels trigger ovulation during the menstrual cycle.
Trans women may choose to take estrogen as part of their hormone therapy to develop feminine characteristics.