Decriminalization
Updated:Decriminalization is the process of removing criminal penalties for certain acts, behaviors, or statuses. In the context of sexual health and rights, it often refers to the removal of criminal sanctions for sex work, consensual sexual practices between adults, or possession of certain substances. Decriminalization aims to reduce harm, improve public health outcomes, and protect human rights without necessarily making the activity legal or regulated.
Additional Information
Decriminalization differs from legalization. While decriminalization removes criminal penalties, the activity may still be subject to civil penalties or regulations. Legalization, on the other hand, makes an activity fully legal and often involves creating a regulatory framework.
In many countries, there are ongoing debates and advocacy efforts around decriminalizing sex work, arguing that it would improve the safety and health of sex workers. Similarly, some jurisdictions have decriminalized the possession of small amounts of drugs, focusing on treating substance use as a public health issue rather than a criminal one.
Examples
New Zealand decriminalized sex work in 2003, removing criminal penalties for sex workers and their clients while introducing regulations to ensure safer working conditions.
Portugal decriminalized the possession of small amounts of drugs for personal use in 2001, shifting the focus from punishment to treatment and harm reduction.